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Model Experiments and Numerical Simulation on Tsunami Impact to a Moored Ship

Publication year Port and Airport Research Institute Technical Note 1213 2010.06
Author(s) Haruo YONEYAMA,Keiichi OHGAKI,Muneo TSUDA,Akio KURIHARA,Tetsuya HIRAISHI,Toshio AONO
Department
/Divison
unknown unknown
Executive Summary

 In the near future, tsunamis caused by the Tokai, Tonankai and Nankai Earthquakes are anticipated to occur near the ports located in the Pacific coast of Japan. Then, there is a high possibility that the tsunamis directly impact on moored ships and mooring facilities inside the ports. However, there have been few studies on the tsunami impacts to the moored ships and the mooring facilities so far. Therefore, we carried out the model experiments for a transmission-type quay wall such as a piled pier to clarify the tsunami response characteristics of a moored ship and the tsunami impacts to mooring facilities. In addition, we performed the motion simulation of the moored ship by using the tsunami external forces expressed by Morrison’s Equation, and then examined the validity of the numerical simulation method by comparing the experimental results with the simulation ones.
 The results derived in this study are summarized as follows:
1) When the tsunami period is short, or the tsunami flow velocity is high, or the ship load capacity is full, the motions of the ship moored to the piled pier tend to be larger.
2) The tsunami response characteristics of the ship moored to the piled pier are greatly different for the tsunami incident directions. The moored ship moves in the same direction as the tsunami flow, and the ship motions become the largest when the tsunami acts in the transverse direction of the ship.
3) The mooring ropes and fenders can be particularly damaged by the tsunami with high flow velocity in the transverse direction of the moored ship. The safety of the mooring facilities is extremely reduced in this case.
4) For the ship motions, the mooring rope tensions and the fender reaction forces, the simulation results are largely in good agreement with the experimental ones. Therefore, the safety of ships and mooring facilities in a port can be accurately estimated by using the numerical simulation method proposed in this study.

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