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Wave hindcasting with WAM for storm waves caused by the six typhoons in 2004

Publication year Port and Airport Research Institute Technical Note 1102 2005.09
Author(s) Noriaki HASHIMOTO,Katsuyuki SUZUYAMA,Toshihiko NAGAI
Department
/Divison
Marine Environment and Engineering Department Marine Hydrodynamics and Storm Surge Division
Executive Summary

In 2004, as many as 10 typhoons hit the Japanese Islands, and caused severe damage in manyplaces all over Japan. Among them, especially six typhoons landed from August to October, i.e., thetyphoon 0415, 0416, 0418, 0422, and 0423, caused extraordinary disaster due to waves alongJapanese coast. These six typhoons have the different feature of the route, the central atmosphericpressure, and the radius. Accordingly, the occurrence wave characteristics due to each typhoon aredifferent. The wave hindcasting is a useful measure to discuss the characteristics of the wavescaused by the typhoon in large area. Therefore, in this paper, we apply the third generation wavemodel, WAM, to the six typhoons, and discuss the characteristics of the waves as well as the wavehindcasting accuracy with WAM. As a result, although there were a few exceptional cases showingaccuracy deterioration in the complicated sea area surrounded by the land, we confirmed that thewave hindcasting accuracy is generally good enough to reproduce the approximate values of theactual wave height and period observed at the NOWPAHS wave observation stations. Therefore, wediscussed and clarified the occurrence characteristics of the typhoon waves in 2004 on the basis ofthe hindcasted waves. In the detail discussion of the wave characteristics, however, we found thatthere were a few cases showing very rapid wave development in a short time, which is rarelyobserved in the past, and that the reproduction of this rapid change is still difficult even by thestandard wave hindcasting technique. Therefore, the research on this rapid generation anddevelopment mechanism of coastal waves is still necessary and is to be carried out with the relationto the meso–scale meteorological modeling in detail in the near future.

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