A Sediment budget analysis with aerial photographs was developed. The longshore sediment transport rates at the side boundaries of compartments, into which a study area is divided, are estimated on the basis of a mass conservation equation, and the volume changes in the compartments are assumed to be proportional to the shoreline position changes obtained from aerial photographs. the amount of sand supply from a river is estimated on the basis of the relationship between the annual sediment budget on the Enshu-nada Coast in Japan during a period from 1977 to 1997. The longshore sediment transport rates and the amount of sediment discharge from the Tenryu River estimated with the present method were compared with those estimated in a previous study mainly with topographic and bathymetric date at microscales, the volume of sand accumulated in a dam and the eroded and dredged sand volumes in the river. The comparison showed that most of the sediment budget quantities estimated with the present method almost agreed with those in the previous study, whereas these were some discrepancies between them.