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Experimental Study on Production and Transport of Sea Salt Spray

Publication year Port and Airport Research Institute Technical Note 0843 1996.09
Author(s) Tadashi ASAI,Danwo NISHIMORI,Kazuo MURAKAMI
Department
/Divison
Marine Environment Division Environmental Assessment Laboratory
Executive Summary

Sea salt spray is the small particle of seawater, splashed up by wind and wave actions. A spray, transported to inland area by wind, gives several damages to those area, because the spray contains salinity. From this point of view, two dimensional model experiment is carried out to describe the production of spray and its transportation to inland area. In this study, effects of wind, wave action and bottom slope upon the spray production are discussed.   Summary of this paper is shown as follows. (1)Amount of spray production is increased exponentially by the increase of wind speed. Spray production is also influenced by incident wave condition. Amount of spray production tends to increase proportionally to the square of incident wave steepness, if the breaker type is similar. (2)Large amount of spray is produced, when wave breaking is forcedin the offshore side of breaker zone. In this study, plunging breaker is observed in the case of forced wave breaking, because bottom slope changes repidly. Splash and horizontal roller due to the plunging breaker heavily disturb water surface. Large amountof spray is splashed up from this disturbed area. Effect of surface disturbance can be expressed by using the wave energy dissipation by wave breaking. which includes both of the effects of bottom slope and incident wave condition. (3)When wave breking is forced in the offshore, only the small part of spray is transported to shoreline. Large amount of spray drops down to seawater, because the diameter of spray splashed from plunging breaker is larger than the spray from surging breaker. Comparing the results between the case when wave breaking is forced in the offshore and not, difference of spray amount at shoreline becomes much smaller than that at breaker zone. (4)Amount of spray production shows a good relationshio with wave energy dissipation ratio associated to wave breaking. Wave energy dissipation ratio is expressed by the terms of incident wave action, breaking water height and bottom slope.

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