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Characteristics of the Irianjaya Earthquake Tsunami in 1996

Publication year Port and Airport Research Institute Technical Note 0842 1996.09
Author(s) Kouji KOBUNE,Toshihiko NAGAI,Noriaki HASHIMOTO,Tetsuya HIRAISHI,Katsuyoshi SHIMIZU
Department
/Divison
Hydraulic Engineering Division Maritime Obsevation Laboratory
Executive Summary

The Irianjaya Earthquake Tsunami occured at 14:59(5:59 GMT) on March 17th in 1996. It was reported that the magnitude of the earthquake was 8.1 and the epicenter was located at S1.0°in latitude and at E137.0°in longitude. The tsunami caused by the earthquake heavily damaged Biak island and the coast line of Irianjaya near from the epicenter. The tsunami propagated over the western Pacific Ocean and reached the Japanese coast several hours later than the earthquake.  This report presents characteristics of the tsunami attacking mainly the western part of Japan. They are investigated throught the offshore wave observation data, tide stations' data, field survey and numerical tunami simulation. The following main conclusions are derived; (1)The periods of tsunami observed at the tide stations were about 15min. (2)The amplification of tunami by resonance was observed at several harbors with natural period equal to the tsunami period. (3)The breaking of mooring ropes and scoring of breakwater mound were induced by the large tunami flow in a few fishery ports. (4)The linear numerical tsunami simulation model is applicable to estimate the arrival time and run-up height in the coastal area.

PDF File /en/pdf/en/no0842.pdf